The policy adopted for the previous third (2003) edition of Foundational Studies of the Bible was, wherever possible, to use the original Hebrew names of persons, places in preference to English ones, in consequence of which the following table was drawn up for those less familiar with the Hebrew terms in order to become better acquainted with them.

This policy has been substantially modified in the light of experience in 11 years that have passed since the third on-line edition was produced. Because there are so many different ways to transliterate Hebrew words using Roman letters it was felt that to continue with this older policy would be the cause of much unnecessary confusion for new converts. So we have instead to drawn up a list of primary words which in this fourth (2015) edition we will be rendering into Hebrew leaving the remainder in the more familiar English.

The 2003 table has accordingly been updated in two ways:

• 1. Modifications to the spellings of some Hebrew words have been made to reflect the emerging consensus amongst Messianics; and
• 2. We have emboldened those words, whether English or Hebrew (or both), that we have chosen to commonly use throughout the course material.

English	Hebrew	English	Hebrew
Aaron	Aharon	Christ	Messiah
Abel	Hevel	Christian	Messianic
Abraham	Avraham	Church	Assembly
Agabus	Agav	circumcision	b'rit-milah
Amen	Omein	Cleopas	Klofah
Amos	Amotz	commandment(s)	mitzvah/mitzvot
Barabbas	Bar-Abba	council
Barnabas	Bar-Nabba	court	sanhedrin
Bartholomew	Bar-Talmai	curtain	parokhet
Beelzebub	Ba'al-Z'vuv	Damascus	Dammasek
Belial	B'liya'al	Daniel	Dani'el
Benjamin	Binyamin	Daughter of	bat-
Bethany	Beit-Anyah	deacon	shammash
Bethesda	Beit-Chasda	disciple(s)	talmid/talmidim
Bethelehem	Beit-Lechem	dividing wall	m'chitzah
Bethphage	Beit-Pagey	Divine presence	Sh'khinah
Bethsaida	Beit-Tzaidah	Elijah	Eliyahu
blessing	b'rakhah	Elisabeth	Elisheva
Blessed One	HaM'vorakh	Emmanuel	Immanu'el
Boanerges	B'nei-Regesh	Emmaus	Ammaus
Boaz	Bo'az	Enoch	Chanoch
Caiaphas	Kayafa	Enos	Enosh
Cain	Kayin	Ephraim	Efrayim
Calvary	Gulgotha	Esau	Esav
Canaan	Cana'an	Eve	Chavah/Havah
Capernaum	K'far-Nachum	Dedication, feast	Hanukkah
Cedron	Kidron	Taberbacles	Sukkot
Cephas	Kefa	First day of week	Motza'ei-Shabbat
cherubim	k'ruvim	fringe	tzitzit
English	Hebrew	English	Hebrew
Gabriel	Gavri'el	Jepthah	Yiftach
Galilee	The Galil	Jeremiah	Yirmeyahu
Gamaliel	Gamli'el	Jericho	Yericho
Gaza	'Aza	Jerusalem	Yerushalayim
Gehenna	Gey-Hinnom	Jesse	Yishai
Gennesaret	Ginosar	Jesus	Yah'shua
Gentiles	Goy(im)	Jew	Judean
Gethsemane	Gat-Sh'manim	Jezebel	Izevel
Gideon	Gid'on	Joanna	Yochanah
God, gods	Elohim	Job	Iyov
Golgotha	Gulgota	Joel	Yo'el
Gomorrah	'Amora	John	Yochanan
Hades	Sheol	Jonah	Yonah
Hallelujah!	Hallelu-Yah!	Joppa	Yafo
Haran	Charan	Jordan	Yarden
hell	Gey-Hinnom	Joseph	Yosef, Yosi
Hezekiah	Chizkiyahu	Joshua	Y'hoshua
High priest	Cohen gadol	Josiah	Yoshiyahu
Holy One, the	haQadosh	jot	yud
Holy Spirit	Ruach haQ.	Jotham	Yotam
Hosea	Hoshea	Judah, Judas	Y'hudah
hymn	Hallel	Jude	Y'hudah
Immanuel	Immanu'el	Korah	Korach
Isaac	Yitshaq,Yitshak	Lamech	Lemekh
Isaiah	Yesha'yahu	lamp	menorah
Iscariot	man from K'riot	Land of Israel	Eretz-Israel
Issachar	Yissass'khar	Law	Torah
It is written	Tanakh says	Lazarus	El'azar
Jacob	Ya'akov	leaven	chametz
Jaffa	Yafo	Levi	L'vi
James	Ya'akov	Master	Adonai
Jared	Yered	Lydda	Lud
Jehosophat	Y'hoshafat	Majesty, the	HaG'dulah
English	Hebrew	English	Hebrew
Malchus	Melekh	peace!	Shalom!
Manasseh	M'nasheh	Peace be on you	Shalom aleikhem
Maranatha!	Marana, ta!	Pentecost	Shavu'ot
Martha	Marta	Perez	Peretz
Mary	Miryam	Peter	Kefa
Matthias	Mattiyahu	Pharisee(s)	Parush/P'rushim
Matthew	Mattiyahu	phylacteries	tefillin
Melchi	Malki	Pound (coin)	maneh
Melchizedek	Malki-Tzedek	Power, the	HaG'vurah
Messiah	Mashiach	priest	Cohen
Michael	Mikha'el	propitiation	kapparah
Midian	Midyan	question(s)	sh'eilah/sh'eilot
Moloch	Molekh	Rabboni	Rabbani
Moses	Moshe	Rebekah	Rivkah, Ribqah
Most High, the	HaElyon	Rehoboam	Rechav'am
Naaman	Na'aman	Repent from sin	Do teshuvah
Nahor	Nachor	Reuben	Re'uven
Nahum	Nachum	Righteous One	Tzaddik
Nain	Na'im	Ruth	Rut
Name, the	HaShem	Sabbath	Shabbat
Naphtali	Naftali	Sadducee(s)	Tzadok/Tz'dukim
Nathan	Natan	Salem	Shalem
Nathanael	Natan'el	Salome	Shlomit
nation(s)	Goy(im)	salvation	yeshu'ah
Nazarene	Natzrati	Samaria	Shomrom
Nazareth	Natzeret	Samson	Shimshon
New moon	Rosh Chodesh	Sapphira	Shappirah
Nicodemus	Nakdimon	Sara	Sarah
Noah	Noach	Sarepta	Tzarfat
Obed	Oven	Saul	Sha'ul
pagan	Goy	scribe	Torah-teacher
Paradise	Gan-Eden	Scripture	The Tanakh
Passover	Pesach	Sea of Galilee	Lake Kinneret
Passover meal	Seder	Seth	Shet
Paul	Sha'ul	Shechem	Sh'khem
English	Hebrew	English	Hebrew
Sidon	Tzidon	trumpet	shofar
Silas	Sila	Tyre	Tzor
Siloam	Shiloach	Unclean (food)	treif
Simeon	Shim'on	Unleavened bread	matzah
Simon	Shim'on	Uriah	Uriyah
Simon Peter	Shim'on Kefa	Uzziah	Uziyahu
Sodom	S'dom	Veil of temple	parokhet
Solomon	Shlomo	voice fr. heaven	bat-kol
Son of	Bar-, ben-	Wash hands	n'tilat-yadayim
Susanna	Shoshanah	World to come	'Olam haba
tabernacles	Sukkot	Zebulun	Z'vulun
Tabitha	Tavita	Zaccheus	Zakkai
tassel(s)	tzitzit/tzitziyot	Zacharias	Z'kharyah
teacher	rabbi	Zadok	Tzadok
Terah	Terach	Zarephath	Tzarfat
Thaddeus	Taddai	Zebedee	Zavdai
Theudas	Todah	Zebulun	Z'vulun
This world	The 'olam hazeh	Zechariah	Z'kharyah
Thomas	Toma	Zerah, Zara	Zerach
Timaeus	Timai	Zerubbabel	Z'rubavel
tittle	stroke	Zion	Tzion, Tsiyon
troubles	tsuris