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    2. Which Commandments?

    Posted by Lev/Christopher on November 2, 2008 at 6:16am
    in Messianic FAQ

    The short answer is, all of them that pertain to the New Covenant. What it does not mean is that we observe everything in the Old Covenant.

    As we read the New Testament, we observe several important things:

    1. The Messiah (Christ) brought the Torah (Law) to completion;
    2. The Messiah (Christ) modified or reformed some of the Torah (Law);
    3. The death of the Messiah (Christ) on the cross forever abolished the ceremonial Torah (Law).

    These are all undisputable facts. We saw in Matt.5:17-18 how He fulfilled or "filled up"/completed Torah where it was deficient. He added new commandments to the old and changed some of the statutes. Gone is the notion "an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth", and in has come a revolutionary new one: "love your enemies, and bless those who despitefully use you". He tightened up the divorce laws. And as the Epistle to the Hebrews teaches, the whole Levitical Priesthood together with the animals sacrifices and ceremonial law has been forever done away with because these things were but shadows of what was accomplished by the Messiah (Christ). And that is quite a big chunk of the Old Testament Torah.

    It is beyond the scope of this short essay to go into detail about all of these, but you will find links to the various issues involved on the main page. What the Messiah (Christ) has not abolished is the moral or ethical Torah. All of these statutes remain in perpetuity. The Ten Commandments have not been changed (and especially not the Sabbath), neither the other Mitzvot which the Messiah (Christ) did not abolish. But what has changed is the approach to Torah.


    I think there is a danger of semantics here. One things commentators have been almost universally agreed upon over the centuries is that Yah'shua raised the bar of loving character. Thus:

    John 13:34-35
    34 A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another; as I have loved you, that you also love one another. 35 By this all will know that you are My disciples, if you have love for one another."
    NKJV

    Is this a new (or "renewed" commandment as one version (RSTNE) puts it or "unused" as another one (MRC)has it). Antinomians, of course, teach that this "new commandment" replaces all the others which we know to be false because as He and the apostles clearly taught, love and obedience (even in externals) go together. I do believe the antinomians are right about one thing, though, and that is the commandment to love one another embraces and includes all those previous commandments not fulfilled by the atonement of Messiah, altering them not in word but in substance. If a general "raising of the bar" is going on, meaning an elevation of standards (as evidenced by Yah'shua tightening up on the Mosaic divorce laws, reminding his listeners and readers that He now expected divorce to become a thing of the past when the bar was considerably lower, "as it was in the beginning"), then ALL the mitzvot must be raised too. This is logical when you consider, for example, the Levitical system as a whole which has been "raised" back to the former Melchizedek level (though actually higher than even that), and in so doing, was shorn of all the preparatory types and figures of the sacrificia, system. So really, it depends what you mean by the pivotal verb "expanding" which can mean many things.

    For example (if I may be so bold), I see from your picture that you wear a phylactery but not a beard. I do not know what your basis for this arrangement is (since obviously I do not know you), but from my studies of these and similar issues, you view the use of the phylactery as something literally mandated (I do not, as you probably know) but the beard as not. As ever there are always halacha issues and until the fullness of the Messianic Halachah comes with the return of Yah'shua, I doubt there will ever be unity of these things in the Body of Messiah. It does illustrate one of the problems we face in exegesis.

    Obviously a lot more could be said that I share my thoughts on these matters as a basis for possible further comment.

    Shalom!

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