Both - I dealt with this in a sermon a few weeks ago (somewhere - I'll be blowed if I can find it, lol) in response to some Messianic who claimed that He only divorced Ephraim.

The reason i asked is it also came up in a 2 house discussion this last week. I take the position that both houses, both sisters were divorced, but didn't yet look for the references.

Yahweh was married to Israel (all 12 tribes) and they committed adultery (first Israel-Ephraim, then Judah-Benjamin) and He divorced both of them. Neither could remarry Him until He "died" (Torah requires the husband must be dead before the wife can remarry). He died on the Cross in the Person of Yah'shua who then remarried both not as two brides but as an echad Bride (12 tribes in one along with all the grafted-in gentiles). He died so as to repair the breach and restore broken relationship. If Judah had not been divorced, then there would have been no need for Him to die to fulfil the legal requirements, in which case He died for Ephraim but not Judah, because Judah was "holy". But what is the evidence of history? The evidence of history (and the Tanakh says this somewhere) is that Judah's sin was worse in a way because he not only broke the commandments (like Israel) but pretended to be righteous (whereas Israel made no pretense of it). Judah was condemned for the same sins as Israel plus hypocrisy. And we are told that she was only spared the Babylonian captivity to enable prophecy to be fulfilled and the Messiah to be brought forth. Once accomplished she was sent into her justly deserved diaspora. It is a prideful élitist spirit at work here that says Yahweh did not divorce Judah which we see epitomised in the arrogant words of Messiah-rejectors like ben Massada who claim that Jews are the salvation of the world, not Yah'shua. Think of the implications of Judah NOT being divorced and what do you get? Ultra-Orthodox Judaism.

There is no question of both houses being divorced. It is everywhere stated. And when souls receive Messiah they are confessing their divorced state as Israelites or their previously unmarried fornication status as gentiles. ALL Israelites, Ephraimites as well as Judahites, before they receive Yah'shua, are spiritually living in a condition of widowhood.